e 


,  GiFi  or 


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Carnegie  Endowment  for  International  Peace 


DIVISION  OF  INTERCOURSE  AND  EDUCATION 


Publication  No.  3 


EDUCATIONAL  EXCHANGE  WITH  JAPAN 

A  Report  to  the  Trustees  of  the  Endowment 
On  Observations  Made  in  Japan  in  1912-1913 

KY 

HAMILTON  WRIGHT  MABIE 

Visiting  American  Lecturer 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  ENDOWMENl 
WASHINGTON.  D.  C. 

1914 


Publications  of  the  Division  of  Intercourse  and  Education 


No.  1.  Some  Roads  Towards  Peace October,  1913. 

by  Dr.  Charles  W.  Eliot 

No.  2:  German  International  Progress  in  1913 January,  1914. 

by  Professor  Dr.  Wilhelni  Paszkowski 

No.  3.  Educational  Exchange  with  Japan January,  1914. 

No.  4.  Report  of  thel^^^^^^^^in^^R^^V^^^Veliito 

the  Causes  ^Hj^RfPf^nSffiR^^f^^ft J^^^Y'  ^^^^• 

No.  5.  Intellectual  and  ^iiIniranKelation^^etWeS^neUnited 

States  and  the  other  Republics  of  America October,  1914. 

by  Dr.  Harry  Erwin  Bard 


The  Year  Book  of  the  Carnegie  Endowment  for  International  Peace,  pub- 
lished annually,  may  be  had  on  application  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Endowment, 
2  Jackson  Place,  Washington,  D.  C. 


http://www.archive.org/details/educationalexchaOOmabirich 


Carnegie  Endowment  for  International  Peace 

DIVISION  OF  INTERCOURSE  AND  EDUCATION 

Publication  No.  3 


EDUCATIONAL  EXCHANGE  WITH  JAPAN 

A  Report  to  the  Trustees  of  the  Endowment 
On  Observations  Made  in  Japan  in  1912-1913 

BY 

HAMILTON  WRIGHT  MABIE 

Visiting  American  Lecturer 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  ENDOWMENT 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

1914 


PREFACE 

From  the  following  pages  the  reader  will  gain  an  accurate  and  distinct 
impression  of  the  purpose  of  Mr.  Mabie's  visit  to  Japan  as  first  American  visiting 
lecturer  and  also  of  the  exceptional  measure  of  succe'ss  which  attended  his  visit. 
It  is  difficult  for  the  Division  of  Intercourse  and  Education  of  the  Carnegie 
Endowment  to  give  appropriate  expression  to  its  appreciation  of  the  generous 
and  hearty  hospitality  everywhere  extended  to  Mr.  Mabie  and  to  the  thoughtful 
care  for  his  comfort  which  contributed  so  much  to  the  success  of  his  undertaking. 

The  chief  antagonisms  that  exist  or  occur  in  the  world  arise  from  rivalries 
resting  upon  differences  either  in  race,  in  religion,  in  sex  or  in  class.  It  has 
been  recently  said  that  there  is  no  evidence  that  any  one  of  these  types  of  rivalry 
is  diminishing.  Whether  this  unfavorable  judgment  be  true  or  not  it  is  the  duty 
of  intelligent  men,  as  it  is  the  opportunity  of  the  Carnegie  Endowment  for  Inter- 
national Peace,  to  contribute  to  the  diminution  of  these  rivalries,  particularly 
where  they  affect  international  relations  and  give  opportunity  for  international 
friction.  A  complete  understanding  of  the  accomplishments  of  any  people  is  a 
necessary  prerequisite  to  a  just  estimate  of  their  shortcomings.  An  appreciation 
of  the  points  of  likeness  and  of  similarity  in  ideals  between  two  or  more  nations 
must  precede  a  fair  judgment  of  the  importance  of  those  aspects  in  which  they 
differ.  By  the  patient  explaining  of  what  is  best  in  each  nation  to  the  open- 
minded  men  and  women  of  another  a  foundation  is  laid  for  better  international 
understanding  and  for  closer  international  cooperation. 

It  is  the  wish  and  purpose  of  the  Division  of  Intercourse  and  Education  of 
the  Carnegie  Endowment  to  work  for  the  accomplishment  of  these  ends  as 
between  the  United  States  and  Japan.  It  will  therefore  continue  and  multiply 
such  visits  as  those  made  by  Mr.  Mabie  to  Japan  in  1912-13  and  by  Professor 
Nitobe  and  Professor  Sato  to  the  United  States  in  1911-12  and  1913-14, 
respectively. 

•;:  .  .         .    '  ;  ,  .  .Nicholas  Murray  Butler, 

•    •'**'..  Acting  Director 

January  §,  igi4  ••".." '^  *'     :'.-'.* 


o^^'^ 


EDUCATIONAL  EXCHANGE  WITH  JAPAN 


A  Report  on  Observations  Made  in  1912-1913 

To  THE  Trustees  of  the  Carnegie 

Endowment  for  International  Peace: 

The  invitation  of  the  Division  of  Intercourse  and  Education  of  the  Carne- 
gie Endowment  for  International  Peace  to  interpret  the  American  spirit  and  in- 
stitutions in  a  series  of  lectures  in  the  universities  of  Japan,  as  the  first  Exchange 
Professor  from  this  country,  was  unexpected,  and  its  acceptance  involved  much 
inconvenience,  but  was  welcomed  as  an  opportunity  of  furthering  the  work  of 
the  Division  among  a  friendly  but  remote  people,  whose  achievements  in  politi- 
cal and  industrial  progress  and  in  the  art  of  war  have  given  them  the  first  place 
in  the  Far  East.  Dr.  Nitobe,  of  the  Imperial  University  of  Tokio,  a  leader  in 
educational  affairs  and  an  expert  in  Japanese  colonial  history  and  policy,  had 
opened  this  form  of  intercourse  between  the  two  countries  by  a  series  of  lec- 
tures delivered  in  a  number  of  American  universities  and  before  other  organiza- 
tions during  the  winter  and  spring  of  1911-1912.  These  lectures  which  have 
been  published  in  book  form  under  the  title,  The  Japanese  Nation,  had  deeply 
interested  large  audiences  and  present  a  survey  of  Japanese  history,  thought  and 
life  which  happily  combine  the  knowledge  of  the  scholar  with  the  clearness  and 
interest  of  statement  of  the  accomplished  author  of  Bushido. 

Accompanied  by  Mrs.  Mabie  and  my  daughter,  I  sailed  from  San  Fran- 
cisco on  November  15  on  the  steamer  "Chiyo  Maru"  of  the  Tokio  Kissen  Kaisha, 
or  Oriental  Steamship  Company.  I  can  not  speak  too  warmly  of  the  courtesy 
extended  to  us  by  the  officers  of  the  steamers  on  which  we  were  passengers  going 
out  and  returning,  and  of  Mr.  Asano,  the  president  of  the  com|>any.  Everything 
was  done  not  only  for  our  comfort  but  for  our  entertainment,  and  our  experience 
at  sea  was  a  happy  prelude  to  the  courtesy  and  hospitality  which  we  received  in 
Japan. 

That  hospitality  did  not  wait  for  our  landing;  it  met  us  three  days  out  from 
Yokohama  in  the  form  of  wireless  messages  of  welcome;  and  during  our  stay 
of  over  six  months  it  never  failed  at  any  point  to  make  us  feel  that  we  were 
among  friends  eager  to  show  us  every  kind  of  attention.  We  were  met  at  the 
pier  on  landing  and  escorted  to  Tokio,  where  all  arrangements  had  been  made 
for  our  comfort ;  we  were  formally  welcomed  four  days  later  at  a  luncheon  given 
by  Baron  Shibusawa,  a  leader  not  only  in  finance  but  in  all  movements  for  the 


public  welfare  and  for  international  peace.  The  following  week  we  were  the 
guests  of  the  Foreign  Office  at  a  very  delightful  dinner  in  the  Japanese  manner. 

These  were  the  forerunners  of  hospitalities,  public  and  private,  in  every  place 
in  which  we  stayed;  and  we  learned,  by  varied  experience,  the  charm  of  a  hos- 
pitality which  has  long  been  a  fine  art  in  Japan.  As  hosts,  the  Japanese  have  lit- 
tle to  learn  from  other  peoples  and  much  to  teach  them.  To  us  Japan  was  an 
organized  hospitality,  never  obtrusive  and  never  forgetful. 

I  desire  to  emphasize  this  quality  because  it  is  a  national  characteristic,  and 
because  the  courtesy  shown  us  was  a  courtesy  to  the  American  people  whose 
representatives,  in  an  informal  way,  we  happened  to  be.  It  was  an  expression  of 
a  friendship  for  this  country  based  on  the  consistent  helpfulness  of  our  national 
government  towards  Japan  and  an  expression  of  the  feeling,  widely  prevalent, 
that  there  is  a  closer  intellectual  affinity  between  us  and  them  than  between  any 
other  eastern  and  western  countries.  The  fairness  of  spirit  and  consideration 
for  Japanese  honor  and  interests  shown  by  Commodore  Ferry,  who  secured  access 
to  the  country  sixty  years  ago,  and  by  Mr.  Townsend  Harris,  who  a  little  later  ne- 
gotiated the  first  treaty  between  Japan  and  a  foreign  country,  produced  a  deep 
and  lasting  impression  on  the  Japanese  people  and  laid  the  foundation  of  a  gen- 
uine friendship  for  this  country.  It  is  my  conviction  that  the  Japanese  are  the 
only  foreign  people  who  have  liked  us  as  a  nation.  Other  peoples  have  liked 
individual  Americans,  but  the  Japanese  have  liked  the  United  States.  They  hold 
the  names  of  Perry  and  Harris  in  great  honor,  and  a  statue  of  Perry  stands  near 
the  place  where  he  landed. 

The  attitude  of  the  Japanese  when  the  so-called  anti- Japanese  land  legisla- 
tion was  before  the  California  legislature  was  highly  significant.  The  stories  of 
mobs  in  the  streets  of  Tokio  ''clamoring  for  war,"  which  appeared  in  many  news- 
papers in  this  country,  were  without  foundation;  the  feeling  was  not  belliger- 
ent; it  was  rather  a  feeling  of  keen  disappointment  that  an  old  and  tried  friend 
had  turned  against  Japan  and  had  deliberately  treated  her  as  an  inferior;  an 
offense  which  this  country  would  instantly  have  resented  if  the  conditions  had 
been  reversed.  The  friendship  of  Japan  has  an  importance  in  our  future  rela- 
tions with  the  Far  East  which  ignorance  alone  can  ignore  or  undervalue. 

There  are  four  Imperial  universities  in  Japan:  The  University  of  Tokio, 
founded  in  1871,  has  six  faculties — Medicine,  Law,  Agriculture,  Engineering, 
Science  and  Literature — and  an  attendance  of  more  than  6,000  students ;  the  Uni- 
versity of  Kyoto  has  four  faculties — Literature,  Law,  Medicine,  Science  and  Eti- 
gineering  being  combined;  and  an  attendance  of  between  2,000  and  3,000  stu- 
dents. Courses  of  lectures  on  "American  Ideals,  Character  and  Life"  were  de- 
livered in  both  these  institutions.  The  two  other  Imperial  universities  are  not 
yet  fully  developed;  that  in  the  south  at  Fukuoka,  in  the  province  of  Kyushu, 
has  faculties  of  Medicine  and  Engineering;  while  that  in  the  north  has  a  faculty 
of  Agriculture  at  Sapporo,  in  the  province  of  Hokkaido,  and  a  faculty  of  Science 
in  Sendai. 


There  are  also  three  privately  endowed  universities,  founded  in  every  case 
by  men  of  exceptional  ability,  public  spirit  and  far-sighted  vision.  Wasada  Uni- 
versity, in  the  city  of  Tokio,  recently  celebrated  its  thirtieth  anniversary;  its 
founder.  Count  Okuma,  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  progressive  men  in  the 
Far  East,  was  honored  as  one  of  the  leaders  of  modern  Japan,  and  messages 
of  friendship  were  received  from  many  European  and  American  institutions. 
Keio  University,  in  the  same  city,  is  a  large  and  vigorous  institution  which  has, 
through  its  graduates,  exerted  a  decided  influence  on  the  later  political  life  of  the 
nation.  It  was  founded  by  Mr.  Fukuzama,  one  of  the  makers  of  modern  Japan, 
a  self-made  man  in  the  truest  meaning  of  the  words ;  courageous,  self-reliant  and 
of  a  vitality  which  is  an  inspiring  tradition  in  the  institution  whose  buildings  and 
grounds  crown  the  high  plateau  in  the  district  of  Mita  in  Tokio.  His  tireless 
energy  was  felt  in  many  directions;  he  translated  a  number  of  Western  books, 
including  Smiles'  Self -Help,  which  were  of  great  service  to  young  men;  he 
founded  an  important  newspaper ;  declined  a  peerage ;  and  was  a  conspicuous  serv- 
ant as  well  as  leader  of  his  people.  He  and  Count  Okuma,  the  founder  of 
Wasada,  were  close  friends  and  will  be  remembered  as  kindred  spirits  in  their 
service  to  education  in  Japan. 

The  Doshisha  in  Kyoto,  founded  in  1875,  by  Mr.  Neesima,  one  of  the  first 
generation  of  Japanese  students  educated  in  the  United  States,  is  the  oldest  and 
largest  Christian  institution  of  college  rank  in  Japan.  Under  the  presidency  of 
Dr.  Harada,  it  has  taken  its  place  as  a  university,  with  faculties  of  Literature, 
Theology  and  Politics  and  Economics.  It  is  a  vigorous  institution,  doing  a  very 
important  work.  It  has  developed  a  strong  feeling  of  loyalty  among  its  alumni 
and  has  recently  secured  a  large  increase  of  its  endowment;  but  needs,  and  is 
entitled  to  receive,  a  much  larger  addition  to  its  funds. 

Among  institutions  of  the  higher  learning  for  women  the  Woman's  Univer- 
sity in  Tokio,  under  the  energetic  leadership  of  Dr.  Naruse,  has  large  and  attrac- 
tive grounds  and  an  attendance  of  more  than  a  thousand  students. 

Below  the  universities  in  rank  but  not  in  importance  of  public  service  are  the 
colleges,  high  schools,  higher  commercial  schools,  normal  schools,  technical  and 
foreign  languages  schools,  supported  by  the  government  and  overcrowded  witTi 
students.  There  are  also  nearly  forty  Christian  schools  for  young  men  above 
the  elementary  grade,  exclusive  of  night  schools  and  industrial  schools.  Among 
privately  supported  institutions  Miss  Tsuda's  English  School  for  girls  holds  ex- 
ceptionally high  rank.  Without  sacrifice  of  the  fine  qualities  of  the  older  ideals 
it  is  modem  in  spirit  and  method. 

In  the  elementary  schools  instruction  is  given  entirely  in  Japanese,  and  for- 
eign languages  are  not  taught ;  in  the  secondary  schools  the  study  of  English 
holds  a  foremost  place,  six  hours  a  week  being  devoted  to  it  during  the  entire 
course  of  five  years.  Such  English  and  American  classics  as  the  Sketch  Book, 
Franklin's  Autobiography,  A  Tale  of  Two  Cities  and  Gray's  Elegy  are  familiar 
to  children  of  intermediate  age  in  Japan ;  and  boys  enter  the  universities  with  a 


reading  knowledge  of  literary  English.  In  the  higher  commercial  schools  or  col- 
leges, which  give  great  attention  to  this  study,  colloquial  English  is  taught. 

There  is  great  enthusiasm  for  education  in  Japan  and  the  schools  of  the 
higher  grade  are  unable  to  provide  for  all  the  applicants  for  admission.  About 
ninety-eight  per  cent  of  the  children  of  school  age  are  in  school.  The  organiza- 
tion of  education  is  comprehensive  and  thorough;  and  the  defects  of  method  in 
the  government  institutions, — too  great  rigidity  and  too  narrow  a  conception  of 
patriotism, — are  likely  to  be  removed  as  the  result  of  the  growing  movement  for 
educational  reform  in  the  Empire.  The  breadth  and  thoroughness  of  work  in 
the  government  schools  in  Korea  and  South  Manchuria  deserve  special  mention 
and  recognition.  If  the  aims  of  the  Imperial  administration  can  be  judged  by 
the  obvious  aims  of  the  schools, — to  give  the  people  the  training  and  knowl- 
edge which  will  enable  them  to  develop  the  country  and  to  revive  their  ancient 
artistic  skill, — those  aims  are  statesmanlike  in  spirit  and  method. 

The  first  address  was  delivered  in  response  to  the  invitation  of  the  Political 
Science  Club  in  University  of  Tokio  and  the  audience  crowded  the  largest  lecture 
hall  in  the  institution;  the  second  address  was  made  at  a  meeting  of  the  Japan 
Peace  Society  presided  over  by  Baron  Sakatani,  the  able  and  efficient  Mayor 
of  Tokio.  There  were  several  speakers,  the  most  distinguished  being  Count 
Okuma;  a  great  audience  sat  patiently  through  four  or  five  hours  of  speaking 
and  gave  every  sign  of  deep  interest  in  the  subject.  The  Japanese  do  not  for- 
get that  for  more  than  two  centuries  they  developed  their  country  without  inter- 
ruption by  war,  and  they  are  eager  for  a  long  period  of  undisturbed  growth. 
They  are  in  great  need  of  rest  from  external  complications  to  complete  the  read- 
justment of  their  political,  social,  educational  and  religious  institutions  to  modern 
conditions,  to  apply  scientific  methods  to  agriculture,  to  bring  their  industries  to 
the  highest  condition  of  efficiency,  and  to  extend  their  foreign  commerce.  They 
are  committed  to  the  maintenance  of  peace  by  their  historic  traditions,  their  ambi- 
tions, their  pressing  need  of  concentration  on  inward  development,  the  pressure 
of  their  large  national  debt,  and  the  strengthening  of  their  credit  abroad.  The 
two  wars  which  they  have  waged  since  1894,  although  fought  on  foreign  soil, 
were  wars  in  defence  of  their  national  integrity  and  independence.  Thirty-five 
years  ago,  practically  the  first  act  of  Japan  as  a  member  of  the  family  of  nations, 
was  the  submission  of  a  dispute  with  Chile  to  arbitration. 

Beginning  in  January,  courses  of  lectures  on  "American  Ideals,  Character 
and  Life"  were  delivered  in  the  Imperial  universities  of  Tokio  and  Kyoto  and 
in  Wasada,  Keio  and  the  Doshisha;  addresses  on  other  aspects  of  American  life 
were  also  made  in  the  higher  commercial  colleges  at  Tokio  and  Kobe,  in  the 
Woman's  University,  in  Kobe  College  for  girls,  a  Christian  school  of  high  char- 
acter, in  many  high  schools  and  normal  schools,  before  important  clubs  like  the 
Bankers'  Club  and  the  English  Speaking  Club,  and  before  many  general  audiences. 
About  eighty  addresses  were  made  in  Japan,  Korea  and  Southern  Manchuria.  In 
every  case  the  lecturer  was  the  recipient  of  every  possible  courtesy  from  public 


officials  and  private  persons,  and  was  heard  with  the  most  perfect  attention.  In 
the  universities  and  higher  commercial  colleges  the  lectures  were  given  in  English 
without  the  aid  of  translation ;  before  popular  audiences  a  translator  was  needed, 
and  this  difficult  task  was  almost  invariably  performed  with  skill.  The  translation 
of  an  address  more  than  doubles  the  time  of  delivery,  but  the  audiences  listened  to 
long  addresses  in  a  foreign  language  with  a  concentrated  attention  which  was  the 
finest  expression  of  hospitality  to  the  speaker.  Intellectual  alertness  and  a  pas- 
sion for  knowledge  are  characteristics  which  go  far  to  explain  the  later  achieve- 
ments of  the  Japanese  nation. 

A  visit  of  nearly  three  weeks  in  Korea  and  Southern  Manchuria  was  made 
delightful  by  the  perfect  care  with  which  it  was  planned,  by  the  many  courtesies 
extended  by  the  authorities,  and  by  the  opportunities  of  seeing  two  very  interest- 
ing countries  and  making  a  rapid  study  of  Japanese  colonial  methods.  Expe- 
rience in  Formosa  and  familiarity  with  the  work  of  Americans  in  the  Philip- 
pines, reinforced  by  scientific  training  and  habits  of  thought,  are  being  utilized 
in  Korea  and  Manchuria  to  develop  the  resources  of  the  two  countries  and  of 
the  two  peoples.  The  mistakes  which  are  inevitable  in  all  such  complicated  under- 
takings have  not  escaped  the  attention  either  of  the  Japanese  or  of  their  critics, 
and  are  not  likely  to  be  repeated ;  the  sincere  endeavor  to  benefit  as  well  as  govern 
these  countries  will  not  escape  the  attention  of  the  open  minded  observer.  The 
hospitality  of  the  Governor  of  Korea  and  of  Governor  General  Baron  Fukushima 
at  Port  Arthur,  were  as  cordial  and  as  warmly  appreciated  as  were  similar  cour- 
tesies received  in  Japan. 

Many  addresses  were  made  under  the  auspices  of  missionaries,  whose  char- 
acter, ability  and  usefulness  entitle'  them  to  the  respect  in  which  their  leaders 
are  held  by  the  government  and  the  people.  Warmly  attached  to  the  Japanese 
people,  devoted  in  the  service  to  the  country  of  their  adoption,  loyal  to  its  rulers 
and  institutions,  they  are  gaining  an  increasing  influence  in  a  country  in  which 
Christianity  is  in  no  sense  more  foreign  than  Buddhism  although  much  later  to 
arrive  in  the  field.  The  relations  between  the  missionaries  and  the  people  with 
whom  they  live  are  cordial  and,  in  many  cases,  affectionate;  and  the  empire 
is  not  only  open  but  hospitable  to  their  fullest  service. 

Our  departure  from  Yokohama  on  May  10,  1913,  was  an  occasion  for  still 
further  expressions  of  friendship;  we  had  long  ceased  to  feel  that  we  were 
strangers  in  Japan ;  our  interest  in  the  welfare  of  that  country  is  affectionate  and 
permanent;  and  our  admiration  for  the  Japanese  people  and  our  confidence  in 
their  integrity  and  sincerity  commit  us  to  a  life  long  endeavor  to  interpret  their 
genius  and  spirit  in  this  country. 

To  the  thorough  and  influential  work  of  Mr.  Miyaoka,  the  correspondent  of 
the  Endowment  in  Japan,  to  Dr.  Nitobe,  of  the  Imperial  University  of  Tokio, 
and  to  Dr.  Ono,  of  the  bank  of  Japan,  who  acted  noti  only  as  a  committee  of 
arrangements  but  as  the  hosts  of  the  Exchange  Lecturer  and  his  family,  the 


success  of  the  initial  course  of  addresses  under  the  auspices  of  the  Endowment 
was  largely  due.  They  not  only  dealt  with  the  details  of  arrangement  with  thor- 
oughness and  skill,  but  they  defined  its  position  to  the  Japanese  people.  They 
invested  it  with  academic  dignity  and  gave  it  a  representative  character.  In  this 
they  were  aided  by  the  traditional  courtesy  of  the  country.  The  honor  of  an  au- 
dience with  Their  Majesties,  the  Emperor  and  Empress,  of  an  invitation  to  dine 
with  His  Excellency  Prince  Katsura,  then  Prime  Minister,  and  hospitalities  from 
Ministers,  heads  of  universities  and  many  private  persons  of  position  and  in- 
fluence expressed  the  desire  to  honor  not  the  lecturer  but  the  country  he 
represented. 

Japan  offers  a  specially  promising  field  for  the  work  of  the  Endowment.  It 
is  sincerely  friendly  to  the  United  States  and  eager  to  understand  its  institutions 
and  the  spirit  of  its  people.  'Of  all  modern  countries  it  is  most  receptive  of  ideas 
and  methods  other  than  its  own.  It  has  a  genius,  not  for  imitation  but  for  as- 
similation. It  has  patiently  and  enthusiastically  followed  for  half  a  century 
the  noble  maxim  of  its  great  Emperor  and  has  "sought  knowledge  wherever  it 
can  be  found  throughout  the  world."  Having  a  highly  developed  civilization 
of  its  own,  it  has  not  hesitated  to  test,  change  or  discard  its  traditions  and  cus- 
toms. It  has  had  the  courage  of  the  pride  which  is  eager  to  see  and  to  accept 
the  higher  aim  and  the  better  way. .  It  has  as  much  to  teach  as  to  learn,  but  it 
is  more  eager  to  receive  than  to  impart  knowledge. 

The  whole  nation  has  been  at  school  for  sixty  years,  and  it  is  more  and 
more  matching  science  and  skill  against  material  resource  and  physical  power. 
Its  entire  modern  development  has  been  forced  upon  it  from  without  and  it  is 
eager  for  a  long  period  of  quiet  growth  in  order  that  it  may  not  only  deepen 
and  broaden  that  growth  but  rationalize  it.  It  is  eager  to  find  itself, — to  use  a 
current  phrase. 

Japan  has  gone  far  and  will  go  farther.  It  asks  nothing  of  any  other  nation 
which  it  is  not  willing  to  give.  It  has  a  high  and  worthy  conception  of  its  place 
and  future  in  the  development  of  the  Far  East.  It  is  in  a  position  to  render  a 
great  service  to  the  peace  of  the  world;  its  friendship  is  of  immense  value  to 
Americans,  and  if  they  are  true  to  their  traditions  and  understand  their  respon- 
sibilities to  the  country  which  they  forced  to  come  into  relations  with  the  world 
they  will  preserve!  towards  it  a  policy  which  shall  be  not  only  just  but  sympa- 
thetic and  helpful. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Hamilton  Wright  Mabie. 

December  15,  1913. 


Gaylord  Bros. 

Makers 

Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
PAT.JAN.21,190B 


..■^^V  Pa^ 


